Search

Self-Consumption Optimiser

Find the best times to run appliances and maximise your solar usage

Your Solar System

Enter your system details
kWp
Estimate if unsure
%

Your Daily Routine

When are you typically home?

Your Appliances

When do you typically run these?
Washing Machine
~500W per cycle (2hrs)
Dishwasher
~1.8kW per cycle (1.5hrs)
Tumble Dryer
~2.5kW per cycle (1.5hrs)
EV Charging
~7kW (home charger)
Oven / Cooking
~2-3kW when in use
Potential Self-Consumption
55%
+20% improvement possible
Save an extra ~£150/year by shifting appliance usage
35%
Current Self-Use
55%
Optimised Self-Use
11am – 3pm
Peak Solar Hours
~18 kWh
Daily Generation

Solar Generation vs Usage

6am9am12pm3pm6pm9pm
Solar Generation
Current Usage
Optimal Usage

Recommended Changes

Disclaimer: These recommendations are based on typical UK solar generation patterns and average appliance consumption. Actual results depend on weather, your specific appliances, and usage patterns. Use timers and smart plugs to automate your schedule.

How to Use This Tool

Enter your solar system details and daily routine, then tell us when you typically run your main appliances. We’ll show you exactly when to shift your usage to maximise free solar power and estimate how much you could save.

What Is Solar Self-Consumption?

Self-consumption is the percentage of your solar generation that you use directly in your home, rather than exporting to the grid. Higher self-consumption means more free electricity and faster payback on your solar investment.

High Self-Consumption

Every kWh you use directly saves you the full retail electricity rate (currently ~24.5p/kWh). This is the most valuable use of your solar power.

Export to Grid

Electricity you don’t use gets exported. You earn the SEG rate (typically 4-15p/kWh) — less than half what you pay for grid electricity.

The maths is simple: If you use 1 kWh of solar directly, you save ~24.5p. If you export it and buy grid power later, you might earn 10p but spend 24.5p — a net loss of 14.5p. This is why self-consumption matters.

When Does Solar Generation Peak?

Understanding when your panels produce the most power is key to timing your appliance usage. Peak generation depends on your roof orientation and the season.

Roof OrientationPeak Generation TimeBest Time for Appliances
South11am – 3pm11am – 2pm
South East9am – 1pm10am – 12pm
South West1pm – 5pm2pm – 4pm
East7am – 12pm9am – 11am
West2pm – 7pm3pm – 5pm

Typical Summer Day Solar Profile (South-facing)

Solar Generation Throughout the Day

Low
6-8am
Rising
8-10am
Peak Generation
10am-3pm
Falling
3-5pm
Little/None
Evening
6am 9am 12pm 3pm 6pm 9pm

The Evening Usage Trap

Most UK households use the majority of their electricity in the evening (6-9pm) — cooking dinner, watching TV, running the washing machine after work. Unfortunately, this is exactly when solar generation drops to near zero.

Typical self-consumption without changes: 25-35%

Best Times to Run Each Appliance

Not all appliances are created equal. Here’s a guide to which ones offer the biggest opportunity for shifting:

🧺 Washing Machine Uses ~500W over 2 hours. Easy to shift — use delay timer to run at midday. High impact
🍽️ Dishwasher Uses ~1.8kW over 1.5 hours. Set to run after lunch instead of after dinner. High impact
👕 Tumble Dryer Uses ~2.5kW — one of the most power-hungry appliances. Huge benefit from shifting. Very high impact
🚗 EV Charging Uses 7kW+ on a home charger. Consider weekend daytime charging when home. Very high impact
🍳 Cooking Uses 2-3kW. Harder to shift but weekend lunches can use solar. Moderate impact
💡 Lighting & TV Low power, mostly evening use. Not practical to shift. Low impact

Self-Consumption by Lifestyle

Your daily routine has a huge impact on how much solar you can realistically use. Here’s what different households typically achieve:

Office Worker

Typical: 25-35%
Out during peak solar hours. Use timers to run appliances while away. Can reach 40-50% with smart scheduling.

Work From Home

Typical: 40-55%
Great position to use solar directly. Run appliances during breaks. Can reach 60-70% with awareness.

Retired / Home

Typical: 45-60%
Flexibility to time activities around solar. With conscious effort, can reach 65-80%.

Shift Worker

Typical: 30-50%
Variable patterns mean some days are great, others less so. Average out to moderate self-use.

Practical Tips to Boost Self-Consumption

1. Use Delay Timers

Most modern washing machines and dishwashers have delay timers. Set them to start at 11am or 12pm even when you’re at work. It costs nothing and can boost self-consumption by 10-15%.

2. Do Laundry at Weekends

If you can’t use timers during the week, batch your laundry for sunny weekend afternoons. One sunny Saturday can handle a week’s worth of washing using entirely free solar power.

3. Charge Devices During the Day

Laptops, tablets, phones, and power tools — plug them in during solar hours. Each device is small, but it adds up over a year.

4. Run the Immersion Heater

If you have an immersion heater, consider using a solar diverter (like iBoost or Eddi) to automatically heat your water with excess solar. This can use 2-3kW of surplus generation that would otherwise be exported.

5. Pre-cool or Pre-heat Your Home

In summer, run air conditioning during peak solar. In winter, boost your heating during the sunny afternoon window. Your home acts as thermal storage.

The 10am-2pm Golden Window

For most UK installations, the 10am-2pm window offers reliable, strong generation even in spring and autumn. If you can only shift one appliance, time it to run during this window for maximum benefit.

What About Adding a Battery?

A home solar battery is the ultimate self-consumption booster. It stores surplus daytime generation for evening use. Typical results:

However, solar batteries cost £4,000-8,000. The optimisation techniques in this guide are free and can get you partway there. Consider a battery if you’ve already maximised behavioural changes and want to go further.

Seasonal Considerations

Self-consumption opportunities vary significantly by season:

SeasonGeneration (4kW system)Peak HoursOptimisation Potential
Summer18-22 kWh/day6am – 8pmHigh — lots of surplus
Spring/Autumn10-15 kWh/day8am – 5pmModerate
Winter3-7 kWh/day10am – 2pmLimited — less surplus

In winter, generation is low enough that you’ll likely use most of it naturally. Focus your optimisation efforts on the sunnier months when surplus is highest.

Frequently Asked Questions

What’s a good self-consumption percentage to aim for?
Without a solar battery, 45-55% is excellent for most households. This typically requires some conscious effort to shift appliance usage. With behavioural changes alone, reaching 60%+ is possible if you work from home or are retired.
Is it worth running appliances in cloudy weather?
Even on cloudy days, your panels produce some power (typically 10-25% of their sunny output). If you’re generating 1-2kW on a cloudy midday, running a washing machine still uses more solar than running it in the evening. Check your inverter app if unsure.
Should I run multiple appliances at once?
It depends on your generation. On a sunny summer day, a 4kW system might be producing 3.5kW at midday — enough to run a washing machine AND a dishwasher. On a cloudy day or in winter, stagger them. Your inverter display shows real-time generation.
How do I know if I’m exporting or using solar?
Most solar inverters have an app showing generation. Combine this with a smart meter or energy monitor to see consumption. If generation exceeds consumption, you’re exporting the surplus. Many systems have traffic light displays (green = using solar, red = importing).
Can smart plugs help with self-consumption?
Yes! Smart plugs with scheduling can automate turning on devices at optimal times. Some advanced systems (like solar diverters) automatically detect surplus and switch on loads. This removes the need to manually time everything.
What about time-of-use tariffs like Octopus Agile?
Time-of-use tariffs add another dimension. Sometimes cheap overnight rates (5p/kWh) make it worth running appliances at night instead of waiting for solar. The calculation becomes: is solar free power better than 5p overnight power? Usually yes, but not always. Our calculator focuses on maximising free solar use.

Key Takeaways